The Industrial Revolution was a period of major economic change that occurred in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It began in Britain and spread throughout the world, including Europe, North America, and eventually the rest of the globe. The revolution marked a significant shift from agrarian societies to industrial ones. Key innovations during this period included the development of steam engines, mechanized manufacturing processes, and the growth of factories. These advancements led to increased productivity, urbanization, and profound social and economic changes.